Lub hom phiaj ntawm kev kho deg ntawm aluminium alloy kauj yog los daws lossis txhim kho kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov khoom hauv cov ntsiab lus ntawm corrosion kuj, kho kom zoo nkauj thiab ua haujlwm. Yuav daws cov teeb meem no li cas?
1, cov yam ntxwv ntawm aluminium thiab aluminium alloys
1) Tsawg ceev
Qhov ceev ntawm txhuas yog li ntawm 2.7g / cm3, uas tsuas yog lub teeb thib ob ntawm cov hlau hauv cov khoom siv hlau siab tshaj magnesium, thiab tsuas yog 1/3 ntawm cov hlau lossis tooj liab.
2) High plasticity
Aluminium thiab nws cov alloys muaj qhov zoo ductility thiab tuaj yeem ua rau ntau yam duab, daim hlau, foils, raj thiab xov hlau los ntawm kev ua haujlwm siab xws li extrusion, dov lossis kos duab.
3) Yooj yim kom muaj zog
Lub zog ntawm cov ntshiab aluminium tsis siab, tab sis nws yog ib qho yooj yim kom ntxiv dag zog los ntawm alloying thiab kev kho cua sov, thiab lub zog ntawm high-strength aluminium alloy yuav muab piv nrog cov hlau alloy.
4) Zoo hluav taws xob conductivity
Aluminium qhov hluav taws xob thiab thermal conductivity yog thib ob tsuas yog nyiaj, kub, thiab tooj liab. Yog hais tias tus txheeb ze conductivity ntawm tooj liab yog 100, ces txhuas yog 64 thiab hlau tsuas yog 16. Yog hais tias xam raws li cov conductivity ntawm tib zoo hlau, txhuas yog yuav luag ob npaug ntawm tooj liab.
5) Corrosion kuj
Aluminium thiab oxygen muaj kev sib raug zoo heev. Nyob rau hauv tej yam ntuj tso, kev tiv thaiv oxides yuav raug tsim nyob rau saum npoo ntawm txhuas, uas muaj zoo corrosion kuj ntau dua li hlau.
6) Yooj yim rau rov ua dua
Lub melting kub ntawm txhuas yog tsawg, txog 660 degree ℃, cov pov tseg yog ib qho yooj yim rau regenerate, tus nqi rov qab yog siab heev, thiab lub zog siv rau recycling tsuas yog 3 feem pua ntawm smelting.
7) tuaj yeem welded
Aluminium alloy tuaj yeem welded los ntawm inert gas shielding txoj kev. Tom qab vuam, nws muaj cov khoom siv zoo, zoo corrosion kuj, zoo nkauj tsos, thiab ua tau raws li cov kev cai ntawm cov khoom siv.
8) Kev kho deg yooj yim
Aluminium tuaj yeem kho los ntawm anodizing thiab xim. Tom qab kev kho mob, nws muaj siab hardness, zoo hnav tsis kam, corrosion kuj thiab hluav taws xob rwb thaiv tsev. Los ntawm cov tshuaj pretreatment, electroplating, electrophoresis, thiab tshuaj tsuag tuaj yeem txhim kho cov khoom zoo nkauj thiab kev tiv thaiv ntawm txhuas.
2, nto mechanical pretreatment ntawm txhuas
1) Lub hom phiaj ntawm mechanical pretreatment
Muab cov tsos mob zoo thiab txhim kho qhov zoo ntawm qhov chaw tiav;
Txhim kho cov khoom zoo;
Txo qhov cuam tshuam ntawm vuam;
tsim cov teebmeem zoo nkauj;
Tau qhov chaw huv.
2) Cov txheej txheem ntawm mechanical pretreatment
Feem ntau siv cov txheej txheem pretreatment muaj xws li polishing, sandblasting, txhuam, dov thiab lwm txoj kev. Qhov tshwj xeeb pretreatment siv nyob ntawm seb hom khoom, cov txheej txheem ntau lawm, thawj lub xeev nto thiab qhov kawg tiav.
3) Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm mechanical polishing
Kev sib txhuam ntawm lub siab ceev tig polishing log thiab lub workpiece ua rau kub, uas yog cov yas deformation ntawm cov hlau nto, yog li smoothing lub convex thiab concave cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov hlau nto, thiab tib lub sij hawm, tsis tshua muaj nyias oxide zaj duab xis. nyob rau hauv cov hlau nto tsim instantaneously nyob rau hauv lub oxidation ntawm ib puag ncig cua yog pheej rov qab av. , yog li ua ntau thiab kaj. Lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb yog tshem tawm burrs, khawb, khawb qhov chaw, xuab zeb qhov, pores thiab lwm yam tsis xws luag ntawm qhov chaw ua haujlwm. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, nws ntxiv tshem tawm qhov tsis sib xws me ntsis ntawm qhov chaw ntawm lub workpiece, ua rau nws muaj gloss ntau dua, kom txog rau thaum daim iav nyhuv.
4) Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm sandblasting
Siv purified compressed cua los tsuag cov xuab zeb qhuav los yog lwm yam abrasive hais rau saum npoo ntawm cov khoom siv txhuas kom tshem tawm qhov tsis xws luag thiab nthuav tawm cov xim matte xuab zeb. Lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb: tshem tawm burrs, casting slag thiab lwm yam tsis xws luag thiab av ntawm qhov chaw ua haujlwm; txhim kho cov cuab yeej cuab tam ntawm cov hlau; ua tau zoo ib yam nto matting nyhuv.
5) Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm txhuam hniav
Kev txhuam hniav yog tshem tawm burrs, av, thiab lwm yam ntawm qhov chaw ntawm cov khoom nrog kev pab los ntawm kev sib hloov ntawm txhuam txhuam. Rau kev kos duab aluminium alloy, nws txhais tau tias yog nqus cov khoom, lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb yog ua lub luag haujlwm zoo nkauj
6) Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm dov lub teeb
Rolling yog muab cov khoom ua haujlwm rau hauv lub nruas uas muaj cov abrasives thiab tshuaj lom neeg daws teeb meem. Nrog kev pab los ntawm kev sib hloov ntawm lub nruas, lub workpiece thiab abrasive, thiab lub workpiece thiab lub workpiece yog rubbed rau ib leeg kom ua tiav cov nyhuv ntawm polishing.
3, Tshuaj pretreatment ntawm txhuas
1) Txhais thiab lub luag haujlwm ntawm kev kho tshuaj lom neeg
Cov txheej txheem ntawm kev siv tshuaj lom neeg los yog hnyav rau pretreat aluminium nto, nws tuaj yeem tshem tawm cov roj stains, cov pa phem thiab ntuj oxide zaj duab xis rau saum npoo ntawm cov khoom qub txhuas, kom cov khoom siv txhuas tuaj yeem tau txais qhov huv thiab sib npaug.
2) Cov txheej txheem nquag ntws ntawm cov tshuaj pretreatment
Feem ntau siv tshuaj pretreatment txoj kev muaj xws li degreasing, alkali ntxuav, tshauv tshem tawm, fluoride xuab zeb deg kho, dej ntxuav thiab lwm txoj kev. Raws li kev siv cov txhuas los kho thiab cov kev xav tau ntawm qhov zoo, cov txheej txheem tshuaj pretreatment sib txawv tuaj yeem siv.
3) Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm degreasing
Cov roj yuav dhau los ua cov tshuaj tiv thaiv hydrolysis hauv cov kua qaub degreasing los tsim cov glycerol thiab sib piv cov roj fatty acids ntau dua. Nrog kev pab los ntawm ib qho me me ntawm tus neeg sawv cev ntub dej thiab emulsifier, cov roj yog yaj yooj yim dua thiab cov nyhuv degreasing zoo dua. Tom qab kev kho degreasing, cov roj thiab cov plua plav ntawm cov txhuas tuaj yeem raug tshem tawm, kom cov tom ntej alkali ntxuav yog zoo li qub.
4) Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm alkaline ntxuav
Cov khoom siv txhuas yog etched rau hauv cov tshuaj muaj zog alkaline nrog sodium hydroxide ua lub ntsiab tivthaiv kom tshem tawm cov av ntawm qhov chaw, tshem tawm cov oxide zaj duab xis rau saum npoo ntawm txhuas, thiab nthuav tawm cov hlau ntshiab rau cov anodes tom ntej. Kev kho oxidation.
5) Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov tshauv tshem tawm
Tom qab alkali ntxuav, ib txheej ntawm hlau tebchaw insoluble nyob rau hauv alkali ntxuav da dej thiab lawv cov alkali ntxuav cov khoom yog feem ntau txuas rau saum npoo ntawm cov khoom, thiab lawv yog ib txheej ntawm grey-xim av los yog grey-dub dai tshauv. Lub hom phiaj ntawm kev tshem tawm tshauv yog tshem tawm cov txheej txheem ntawm dai tshauv uas yog insoluble hauv lye los tiv thaiv kev sib kis ntawm cov kua tank hauv cov txheej txheem anodizing tom ntej.
6) Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm fluoride sand deg kho
Fluoride sand deg kev kho mob yog cov txheej txheem acid etching uas siv cov fluoride ions los tsim cov khoom sib xws thiab high-density pitting corrosion ntawm cov ntaub ntawv txhuas. Lub hom phiaj yog txhawm rau tshem tawm cov cim extrusion ntawm qhov chaw ntawm cov khoom thiab tsim kom muaj ib qho chaw tiaj tus. Txawm li cas los xij, vim qhov teeb meem loj ntawm ib puag ncig muaj kuab paug nyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem fluoride sand deg kho, nws tsis tau siv dav lawm.
4, (Electro) tshuaj polishing thiab tshuaj hloov pauv ntawm txhuas
1) Lub luag haujlwm ntawm tshuaj polishing lossis electrochemical polishing
Tshuaj polishing yog txoj kev kho kom zoo tshaj plaws, uas tuaj yeem tshem tawm me ntsis pwm cov cim thiab khawb ntawm cov khoom siv txhuas, thiab tshem tawm cov kev sib txhuam, cov txheej thermal deformation, oxide zaj duab xis, thiab lwm yam uas tej zaum yuav tsim nyob rau hauv mechanical polishing, kom cov ntxhib. nto zoo li du. Ib qhov chaw uas nyob ze rau ntawm daim iav saum npoo yog tau, thiab cov hniav zoo nkauj ntawm cov khoom siv txhuas zoo tuaj.
2) Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm cov tshuaj pov tseg
Tshuaj polishing yog los tswj cov kev xaiv dissolution ntawm qhov chaw ntawm cov khoom siv txhuas, kom lub microscopic convex ib feem ntawm txhuas cov ntaub ntawv nto dissolves preferentially tshaj lub concave ib feem, thiaj li mus cuag lub hom phiaj ntawm du thiab ci nto. Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm electro-chemical pov tseg yog qhov tso tawm, thiab lwm yam tshuaj pov tseg zoo ib yam.
3) Lub luag haujlwm ntawm kev hloov tshuaj lom neeg
Kev hloov tshuaj lom neeg feem ntau yog siv los tiv thaiv aluminium thiab nws cov alloys los ntawm corrosion. Nws tuaj yeem siv ncaj qha los ua txheej txheej lossis ua cov txheej hauv qab ntawm cov organic polymers, uas tsis tsuas yog daws cov adhesion ntawm txheej thiab txhuas, tab sis kuj txhim kho corrosion kuj ntawm cov organic polymer txheej. poj niam deev.
4) Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm kev hloov tshuaj lom neeg
Nyob rau hauv cov tshuaj kho tshuaj, cov hlau aluminium nto reacts nrog cov tshuaj oxidant nyob rau hauv cov tshuaj los tsim ib tug tshuaj hloov dua siab tshiab zaj duab xis. Kev hloov pauv tshuaj lom neeg tau muab faib ua tshuaj oxidation kev kho mob, kho chromate, kho phosphochromate thiab chromium-dawb tshuaj hloov pauv.
5) Taw qhia txog kev hloov tshuaj lom neeg
Aluminium tuaj yeem tau txais cov tshuaj tiv thaiv oxide zaj duab xis hauv cov dej kub npau npau. Txoj kev no yog hu ua tshuaj oxidation kev kho mob, tab sis vim yog zaj duab xis tsim ceev thiab kev ua tau zoo, nws tsis muaj ntau lawm; chromate zaj duab xis tsim los ntawm kev kho mob chromate yog tam sim no corrosion kuj. Qhov zoo tshaj plaws aluminium chemical conversion txheej, nws tsis yog tsuas yog siv rau hauv qab txheej ntawm txau, tab sis kuj yuav siv tau ncaj qha raws li cov txheej txheem kawg ntawm aluminium alloy, tab sis nws qhov tsis zoo yog ib puag ncig muaj kuab paug; phosphochromate kev kho mob tuaj yeem ua tiav cov txheej hauv qab ntawm cov tshuaj tsuag thiab trivalent chromium Nws tsis yog tshuaj lom thiab tam sim no siv ntau dua hauv 3C cov khoom; Tam sim no kev lag luam kev lag luam ntawm chromium-dawb tshuaj hloov pauv feem ntau yog siv cov chromium-dawb kev kho mob ntawm fluorine complexes uas muaj titanium los yog (thiab) zirconium, thiab kev kho chromium-dawb yuav tsum tau siv tshuaj nruj heev. Pretreatment, tib lub sijhawm, cov yeeb yaj kiab uas tsis muaj chromium yog xim tsis muaj xim thiab pob tshab, thiab qhov tseeb ntawm cov tshuaj hloov pauv tsis tuaj yeem txiav txim siab los ntawm qhov muag liab qab, yog li nws yog nyob ntawm kev siv tshuab txhim khu kev qha thiab kev tswj xyuas nruj ntawm cov txheej txheem. Hauv cov ntsiab lus, kev hloov tshuaj lom neeg feem ntau siv rau 3C cov khoom yog kev kho phosphochromate.
5, Anodizing ntawm aluminium alloy
1) Kev txhais ntawm anodizing
Anodizing yog ib qho electrolytic oxidation, nyob rau hauv qhov chaw ntawm aluminium alloy feem ntau yog hloov mus rau hauv oxide zaj duab xis, uas muaj kev tiv thaiv, kho kom zoo nkauj thiab lwm yam haujlwm.
2) Kev faib tawm ntawm cov yeeb yaj kiab anodized
oxide zaj duab xis tau muab faib ua ob pawg: barrier hom oxide zaj duab xis thiab ntxeem tau hom oxide zaj duab xis. Lub barrier hom oxide zaj duab xis yog ib tug ntom thiab tsis ntxeem tau nyias oxide zaj duab xis nyob ze rau ntawm cov hlau nto. Lub thickness nyob ntawm qhov siv voltage thiab feem ntau tsis tshaj 0.1um. Cov ntxeem tau oxide zaj duab xis yog tsim los ntawm txheej txheej txheej thiab txheej ntxeem tau. Lub thickness ntawm txheej txheej yog cuam tshuam nrog rau qhov kev siv hluav taws xob, thiab lub thickness ntawm cov porous txheej yog nyob ntawm tus nqi hluav taws xob dhau los. Feem ntau siv yog cov ntxeem tau oxide zaj duab xis.
3) Cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov yeeb yaj kiab anodized
a. Cov qauv ntawm cov yeeb yaj kiab oxide yog qhov ntxeem tau ntawm honeycomb hlws ris. Lub porosity ntawm zaj duab xis muaj peev xwm adsorption zoo. Nws tuaj yeem siv los ua cov txheej hauv qab ntawm txheej txheej thiab tuaj yeem ua dyed los txhim kho cov hniav zoo nkauj ntawm cov hlau.
b. Lub hardness ntawm oxide zaj duab xis yog siab, thiab hardness ntawm anodic oxide zaj duab xis yog siab heev, thiab nws hardness yog hais txog 196-490HV, vim hais tias lub siab hardness txiav txim siab hnav tsis kam ntawm oxide zaj duab xis yog zoo heev.
c. Kev tiv thaiv corrosion ntawm oxide zaj duab xis, aluminium oxide zaj duab xis yog qhov ruaj khov hauv huab cua thiab av, thiab lub zog sib txuas nrog lub substrate kuj muaj zog heev. Feem ntau, tom qab oxidation, nws yuav dyed thiab kaw los yog txau kom ntxiv dag zog rau nws cov corrosion kuj. .
d. Lub zog sib txuas ntawm oxide zaj duab xis, lub zog sib txuas ntawm oxide zaj duab xis rau lub hauv paus hlau yog qhov muaj zog heev, thiab nws yog ib qho nyuaj rau cais lawv mechanically. Txawm hais tias cov zaj duab xis txheej khoov nrog cov hlau, cov yeeb yaj kiab tseem muaj kev sib raug zoo nrog cov hlau hauv paus, tab sis cov oxidation plasticity ntawm zaj duab xis yog me me thiab brittleness loj. Thaum cov txheej txheem zaj duab xis raug cuam tshuam loj thiab khoov deformation, cov kab nrib pleb yuav tshwm sim, yog li no oxide zaj duab xis tsis yooj yim rau siv raws li kev siv tshuab, thiab tuaj yeem siv los ua cov txheej hauv qab ntawm cov xim txheej.
e. Cov khoom insulating ntawm oxide zaj duab xis, qhov tsis kam ntawm anodized zaj duab xis ntawm aluminium yog siab, thermal conductivity kuj tsawg heev, thermal stability yuav siab li 1500 degrees, thiab thermal conductivity yog 0.419. W/(mK)—1.26 W/(mK). Nws tuaj yeem siv los ua cov txheej txheem dielectric ntawm electrolytic capacitors lossis txheej insulating ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob.
6, aluminium alloy oxide zaj duab xis tsim txheej txheem
1) Thawj theem ntawm anodizing
Nyob rau theem tsim ntawm cov txheej tsis ntxeem tau, ntu ab, qhov hluav taws xob nce siab hauv lub hwj chim-on thiab off-time (ob peb vib nas this mus rau kaum vib nas this), ncav cuag qhov tseem ceeb voltage, (tus nqi siab tshaj ntawm qhov voltage) qhia tau hais tias ib tug nruam, uas tsis yog-porous zaj duab xis yog tsim nyob rau hauv lub anode nto ntawm lub sij hawm no. Pem teb. Qhov tsis kam ntawm cov txheej tsis ntxeem tau yog loj, uas cuam tshuam qhov nruam thickening ntawm zaj duab xis. Lub thickness ntawm cov txheej uas tsis yog ntxeem tau yog proportional rau qhov tsim voltage, thiab tus nqi dissolution ntawm oxide zaj duab xis nyob rau hauv lub electrolyte yog inversely proportional. Lub thickness yog hais txog 0 01 ~ 0.1 microns.
2) theem ob ntawm anodizing
Nyob rau hauv lub tsim theem ntawm cov ntxeem tau txheej, lub bc seem, lub qhov yuav yaj ua ntej nyob rau hauv lub thinnest ib feem ntawm cov zaj duab xis, thiab cov electrolyte tuaj yeem ncav cuag lub ntsej muag tshiab ntawm cov txhuas los ntawm cov qhov no, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv electrochemical tuaj yeem txuas ntxiv mus, kev tiv thaiv. txo qis, thiab qhov voltage nce nrog qhov nce ntawm qhov voltage. Tom qab qhov txo qis (10 ~ 15 feem pua ntawm cov nqi siab tshaj), ib txheej ntxeem tau tshwm sim ntawm daim nyias nyias.
3) theem peb ntawm anodizing
Cov txheej ntxeem tau thickens, nyob rau hauv cd ntu, lub sij hawm no, qhov voltage nce tsis tu ncua thiab maj mam. Nyob rau lub sijhawm no, cov txheej tsis ntxeem tau txuas ntxiv yaj mus rau hauv cov txheej ntxeem tau, thiab cov txheej txheem tshiab uas tsis yog ntxeem tau loj tuaj, yog li cov txheej ntxeem tau tas li thickening. Thaum qhov sib npaug ntawm qhov sib npaug nrog qhov sib npaug ntawm qhov sib npaug, lub thickness ntawm zaj duab xis tsis nce ntxiv, thiab cov tshuaj tiv thaiv yuav tsum nres.
7, aluminium alloy anodizing txheej txheem
1) Cov txheej txheem ntawm anodizing
Cov txheej txheem ntawm aluminium alloy anodizing yog: txheej txheem sulfuric acid anodizing, chromic acid anodizing txheej txheem, oxalic acid anodizing txheej txheem thiab phosphoric acid anodizing txheej txheem. Feem ntau siv yog sulfuric acid anodizing.
2) Sulfuric acid anodizing
Tam sim no, cov txheej txheem anodizing siv dav hauv tsev thiab txawv teb chaws yog sulfuric acid anodizing. Piv nrog rau lwm txoj kev, nws muaj txiaj ntsig zoo hauv cov nqi tsim khoom, oxide zaj duab xis yam ntxwv thiab kev ua tau zoo. Nws muaj tus nqi qis, zoo zaj duab xis pob tshab, corrosion kuj thiab kev sib txhuam tsis kam. Kev sib deev zoo, yooj yim rau xim thiab lwm yam. Nws siv dilute sulfuric acid raws li cov electrolyte rau anodize cov khoom, lub thickness ntawm cov zaj duab xis tuaj yeem ncav cuag 5um-20um, zaj duab xis muaj adsorption zoo, tsis muaj xim thiab pob tshab, txheej txheem yooj yim thiab ua haujlwm yooj yim.
3) Chromic acid anodizing
Cov yeeb yaj kiab tau txais los ntawm chromic acid anodizing yog qhov nyias nyias, tsuas yog 2-5um, uas tuaj yeem tswj tau qhov qub precision thiab nto roughness ntawm lub workpiece; qhov porosity tsawg thiab nyuaj rau zas, thiab nws tuaj yeem siv tsis tau sealing; zaj duab xis yog mos thiab muaj kev hnav tsis zoo Tab sis lub elasticity yog zoo; corrosion kuj muaj zog, thiab solubility ntawm chromium rau txhuas yog me me, yog li cov kua seem nyob rau hauv lub pinholes thiab crevices muaj tsawg corrosion rau lub Cheebtsam, thiab yog haum rau castings thiab lwm yam structural qhov chaw. Cov txheej txheem no yog siv ntau dua hauv cov tub rog. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, qhov zoo ntawm cov khoom tuaj yeem raug tshuaj xyuas, thiab cov xim av electrolyte yuav ntws tawm ntawm qhov tawg, uas yog pom tseeb.
4) Oxalic acid anodizing
Oxalic acid muaj tsawg solubility rau aluminium oxide zaj duab xis, yog li lub porosity ntawm oxide zaj duab xis yog tsawg, thiab hnav tsis kam thiab hluav taws xob rwb thaiv tsev ntawm cov zaj duab xis txheej yog zoo dua li cov sulfuric acid zaj duab xis; tab sis tus nqi oxidation ntawm oxalic acid yog 3-5 zaus siab dua li ntawm sulfuric acid; yuav hnov mob, ua rau tsis muaj zog ntawm electrolyte; cov xim ntawm oxalic acid oxide zaj duab xis yog ib qho yooj yim los hloov nrog cov txheej txheem, ua rau muaj xim sib txawv ntawm cov khoom, yog li daim ntawv thov ntawm cov txheej txheem no tsuas yog txwv. Txawm li cas los xij, nws feem ntau siv oxalic acid ua sulfuric acid oxidation additive.
5) Phosphoric acid anodizing
Cov oxide zaj duab xis dissolves ntau nyob rau hauv phosphoric acid electrolyte tshaj sulfuric acid, yog li cov oxide zaj duab xis yog nyias (tsuas yog 3um) thiab lub pore loj. Vim tias cov phosphoric acid zaj duab xis muaj cov dej tsis muaj zog, nws tuaj yeem tiv thaiv cov nplaum los ntawm kev laus vim yog dej, kom lub zog sib txuas ntawm cov nplaum zoo dua, yog li nws feem ntau yog siv rau kev kho deg ntawm daim hlau luam ntawv thiab pretreatment ntawm txhuas. workpiece sib txuas.
8, aluminium alloy nyuaj anodizing
1) Cov yam ntxwv ntawm hard oxide zaj duab xis
Piv nrog rau cov yeeb yaj kiab oxide zoo tib yam, aluminium alloy nyuaj anodizing muaj cov yam ntxwv hauv qab no: tuab oxide zaj duab xis (feem ntau tsis tsawg dua 25um), hardness kuj siab (ntau dua 350HV), zoo hnav tsis kam, qis porosity, thiab tawg tsis kam, voltage siab dua, thiab qhov chaw flatness yuav tshwm sim me ntsis zuj zus.
2) Txheej txheem cov yam ntxwv ntawm nyuaj anodizing
Tsis muaj qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm lub hauv paus ntsiab lus, cov khoom siv, cov txheej txheem thiab kev tshawb pom ntawm cov tawv anodizing thiab oxidation zoo tib yam. Hard anodizing nrhiav kom txo cov solubility ntawm oxide zaj duab xis. Cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb yog:
a. Qhov kub ntawm cov kua da dej yog qhov tsawg (feem ntau txog 20 degrees, thiab hardness yog qis dua 5 degrees), thiab oxide zaj duab xis tsim los ntawm qhov kub thiab txias yog feem ntau siab hardness.
b. Lub concentration ntawm cov kua da dej yog tsawg (qhov concentration ntawm sulfuric acid yog 20 feem pua, thiab hardness yog tsawg tshaj li 15 feem pua), thiab solubility ntawm cov zaj duab xis yog me me thaum lub concentration yog tsawg.
c. Organic acid yog ntxiv rau lub tank kua, thiab oxalic acid los yog tartaric acid yog ntxiv rau sulfuric acid.
d. Kev siv hluav taws xob siab thiab tam sim no (ib txwm tam sim no 1.5A / dm2, qhov hluav taws xob qis dua 18V, nyuaj tam sim no 2 ~ 5A / dm2, voltage siab dua 25V. Mus txog 100V)
e. Kev siv hluav taws xob yuav tsum tau siv txoj kev maj mam nce qhov voltage. Vim nws cov high voltage thiab tam sim no loj, lub sij hawm ua yog ntev thiab lub zog noj yog loj. Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm, nyuaj anodizing feem ntau txais cov mem tes fais fab mov los yog tshwj xeeb waveform fais fab mov.
3) Aluminium alloy nyuaj anodizing
Cam khwb cia txhuas alloys feem ntau xav tau nyuaj anodizing los txhim kho lawv cov khoom. Cam khwb cia txhuas alloys feem ntau siv nyob rau hauv txhuas / silicon alloys thiab txhuas / tooj liab alloys. Cov khoom thiab cov khoom siv, qee zaum ntxiv tooj liab thiab magnesium los txhim kho cov khoom siv hluav taws xob thiab cov cua sov. Aluminium-tooj liab series kuj yog siv los ua cov alloys, feem ntau yog siv rau cov xuab zeb castings nrog loj dynamic thiab zoo li qub loads thiab uncomplicated duab. Casting aluminium alloys yuav tsum txhim kho cov electrolyte thiab lub zog waveform vim cov khoom tsis yog xim hlau. Feem ntau, cov electrolyte tuaj yeem ntxiv nrog qee cov hlau ntsev lossis cov organic acids hauv sulfuric acid, sulfuric acid-oxalic acid-tartaric acid tov, sulfuric acid-dry oil solution; Fais fab mov daim ntawv Feem ntau, nws yog hloov mus rau AC thiab DC superposition, asymmetric tam sim no, mem tes tam sim no, thiab lwm yam, ntawm cov pulse nyhuv yog zoo dua. Ua ntej cov electroforming qhov chaw yog oxidized, lub txiv ntseej dej yuav tsum tau coj thiab cov burrs yuav tsum tau muab tshem tawm kom tsis txhob muaj cov concentration tam sim no.
9, aluminium alloy micro-arc oxidation (MAO)
1) Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm micro-arc oxidation technology:
Micro-arc oxidation, tseem hu ua micro-plasma nto ceramicization thev naus laus zis, hais txog kev siv cov arc tawm los txhim kho thiab qhib cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm cov anode raws li cov anodic oxidation zoo tib yam, yog li cov txhuas, titanium, magnesium thiab lawv cov alloys. siv los ua cov khoom siv. Cov txheej txheem ntawm kev tsim cov yeeb yaj kiab zoo tshaj plaws rau ntawm qhov chaw ua haujlwm yog siv lub zog hluav taws xob rau lub workpiece nrog tshwj xeeb micro-arc oxidation fais fab mov, kom cov hlau ntawm qhov chaw ntawm lub workpiece cuam tshuam nrog cov tshuaj electrolyte. , thiab micro-arc tawm yog tsim rau ntawm qhov chaw ntawm lub workpiece. Nyob rau hauv qhov kev txiav txim ntawm lwm yam, ib zaj duab xis ceramic yog tsim rau ntawm cov hlau nto kom ua tiav lub hom phiaj ntawm kev ntxiv dag zog rau qhov chaw ntawm lub workpiece.
2) Cov yam ntxwv ntawm micro-arc oxidation
a. Greatly improve the surface hardness of the material (HV>1200), tshaj qhov hardness ntawm high carbon steel, siab alloy steel thiab siab ceev cuab yeej steel tom qab kev kho cua sov;
b. Zoo hnav tsis kam;
c. Good heat resistance and corrosion resistance (CASS salt spray test>480h), uas lub hauv paus kov yeej qhov tsis txaus ntawm txhuas, magnesium thiab titanium alloy cov ntaub ntawv hauv daim ntawv thov, yog li cov thev naus laus zis no muaj kev cia siab rau daim ntawv thov dav;
d. Nws muaj kev rwb thaiv tsev zoo, thiab cov rwb thaiv tsev tiv thaiv tuaj yeem ncav cuag 100MΩ.
e. Cov txheej txheem yog ruaj khov thiab txhim khu kev qha, thiab cov cuab yeej siv tau yooj yim. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv yog nqa tawm ntawm chav tsev kub, uas yog yooj yim rau kev khiav lag luam thiab yooj yim rau tus tswv.
f. Ceramic zaj duab xis yog loj hlob nyob rau hauv situ ntawm lub substrate, kev sib xyaw ua ke yog ruaj, thiab ceramic zaj duab xis yog ntom thiab uniform.
3) Kev siv ntawm micro-arc oxidation
Micro-arc oxidation yog ib qho tshiab aluminium alloy nto kho tshuab. Nws ua ke cov khoom siv ceramic ntawm alumina nrog cov khoom siv hlau ntawm aluminium alloys ua rau lub ntsej muag ntawm aluminium alloys muaj lub cev zoo thiab tshuaj lom neeg. Txawm li cas los xij, vim yog vim li cas technical thiab nyiaj txiag, nws tsis tau siv dav hauv kuv lub tebchaws tam sim no. Txawm li cas los xij, vim muaj cov khoom tshwj xeeb ntawm cov yeeb yaj kiab oxide, nws tuaj yeem siv rau ntau qhov chaw, suav nrog kev siv dav hlau thiab tsheb, kev lag luam petrochemical, kev lag luam textile thiab kev lag luam hluav taws xob.
4) Qhov tsis txaus ntawm micro-arc oxidation
Micro-arc oxidation yuav ua rau lub txim hluav taws xob thiab lub txim hluav taws xob, uas yuav ua rau lub ntsej muag ntawm cov khoom ntxhib. Lub zog noj yog qhov siab tsib npaug ntawm oxidation zoo tib yam.
10, Electrolytic xim ntawm aluminium alloy oxide zaj duab xis
1) Cov txheej txheem xim ntawm aluminium alloy oxide zaj duab xis:
Feem ntau siv cov txheej txheem xim ntawm aluminium alloy tuaj yeem muab faib ua peb pawg:
a. Zuag qhia tag nrho cov xim txheej txheem: suav nrog cov xim ntuj thiab xim electrolytic. Ntuj xim
hais txog oxidation ntawm cov khoom siv ntxiv (Si, Fe, Mn, thiab lwm yam) nyob rau hauv aluminium alloy thaum lub sij hawm anodizing txheej txheem, thiab cov xim ntawm oxide zaj duab xis tshwm sim. Electrolytic xim kev loj hlob yog hais txog cov xim ntawm cov oxide zaj duab xis los ntawm kev hloov pauv ntawm cov tshuaj electrolyte thiab electrolysis.
b. Txoj kev dyeing: Raws li thawj oxide zaj duab xis, oxide zaj duab xis yog dyed nrog inorganic pigments los yog organic dyes.
c. Electrolytic coloring method: Raws li cov thawj oxide zaj duab xis, cov xim electrolytic yog nqa tawm nrog tam sim no ncaj qha los yog alternating tam sim no nyob rau hauv cov tshuaj uas muaj hlau ntsev. Cov huab cua tsis kam, lub teeb tsis kam thiab kev pabcuam lub neej ntawm cov xim electrolytic zoo dua li cov txheej txheem dyeing, thiab nws cov nqi qis dua. Rau tag nrho cov xim txoj kev, nws yog tam sim no dav siv nyob rau hauv cov xim ntawm architectural txhuas profiles. Industrialized electrolytic colouring da dej hauv tsev thiab txawv teb chaws yog ob hom kev daws teeb meem ntawm nickel ntsev thiab tin ntsev (xws li tin-nickel tov ntsev), thiab cov xim feem ntau yog xim tooj liab los ntawm lub teeb rau tsaus.
2) Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm electrolytic xim
Cov micropores tsis tu ncua thiab tswj tau ntawm cov ntxeem tau anodic oxide zaj duab xis tso nyiaj zoo heev hlau thiab / lossis oxide hauv qab ntawm qhov pores los ntawm cov xim electrolytic, thiab cov xim sib txawv tuaj yeem tau txais vim lub teeb tawg. Qhov tob ntawm cov xim muaj feem xyuam rau tus naj npawb ntawm cov khoom tso tawm, uas yog, muaj feem xyuam rau lub sijhawm xim thiab siv qhov hluav taws xob. Feem ntau hais lus, cov xim electrolytic zoo ib yam li cov xim ntawm champagne, lub teeb rau tsaus bronze rau xim dub, thiab cov tones tsis zoo ib yam, uas cuam tshuam rau qhov loj ntawm cov khoom me me. Tam sim no, electrolytic xim tsuas yog muaj nyob rau hauv bronze, dub, golden daj thiab jujube liab.
3) Kev siv cov xim electrolytic
Sn ntsev thiab Sn-Ni sib xyaw ntsev yog cov xim tseem ceeb hauv kuv lub tebchaws thiab Europe thiab Tebchaws Meskas. Cov ntsev yog SnSO4, uas yog xim los ntawm electrolytic txo ntawm Sn2 ntxiv rau hauv micropores ntawm anodic oxidation; Txawm li cas los xij, kev ruaj ntseg tsis zoo ntawm Sn2 ntxiv tau yooj yim oxidized los tsim cov xim tsis muaj peev xwm xim. Sn4 ntxiv, yog li tus yuam sij rau tin ntsev xim yog qhov muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm cov kua da dej thiab kev ruaj ntseg ntawm tin ntsev yog tus yuam sij rau cov txheej txheem no, tin ntsev tsis rhiab rau impurities, colouring uniformity zoo dua, thiab cov dej paug tsis zoo. loj. Ni ntsev electrolytic coloring yog feem ntau nyob rau hauv Nyiv. Nws feem ntau siv rau hauv lub teeb xim tshuab (imitation stainless hlau xim, lub teeb champagne xim). Nws muaj xim ceev ceev thiab zoo da dej stability, tab sis yog rhiab heev rau impurities. Tam sim no, cov cuab yeej tshem tawm impurity yog qhov paub tab, tab sis nws xav tau Kev nqis peev loj ib zaug.
11, Dyeing ntawm aluminium alloy oxide zaj duab xis
1) Lub ntsiab lus ntawm aluminium alloy oxide zaj duab xis dyeing
Txoj kev dyeing yog rau immersed aluminium alloy tsuas yog tom qab oxidation nyob rau hauv cov tshuaj uas muaj dyes tam sim ntawd tom qab ntxuav, thiab lub pores ntawm oxide zaj duab xis yog dyed nrog ntau yam xim vim adsorption ntawm dyes. Cov txheej txheem no ceev ceev hauv cov xim, ci xim thiab yooj yim rau kev khiav lag luam, tab sis yuav tsum tau muab kaw tom qab dyeing.
2) Dyeing yuav tsum tau rau oxide zaj duab xis
a. Cov oxide zaj duab xis tau los ntawm txhuas hauv sulfuric acid tov yog xim tsis muaj xim thiab ntxeem tau, uas yog qhov haum tshaj plaws rau dyeing. Cov oxalic acid oxide zaj duab xis nws tus kheej yog daj thiab tsuas tuaj yeem dyed tsaus, thaum chromic acid zaj duab xis muaj qhov porosity tsawg, thiab zaj duab xis nws tus kheej yog grey, thiab tsuas yog dyed tsaus.
b. oxide zaj duab xis yuav tsum muaj ib tug tej thickness, qhov tsawg kawg nkaus yuav tsum tau ntau tshaj 7um, thiab cov thinner oxide zaj duab xis tsuas yog dyed ib tug heev lub teeb xim.
c. Cov oxide zaj duab xis yuav tsum muaj qee qhov porosity thiab adsorption, yog li cov tawv oxide zaj duab xis thiab cov pa chromic acid oxide zaj duab xis tsis haum thiab stained.
d. Cov oxide zaj duab xis yuav tsum ua kom tiav thiab sib xws, thiab yuav tsum tsis muaj qhov tsis xws li khawb, xuab zeb qhov, thiab pitting corrosion.
e. Cov yeeb yaj kiab nws tus kheej muaj cov xim tsim nyog, thiab tsis muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm cov qauv metallographic, xws li cov nplej sib txawv lossis kev sib cais hnyav, thiab lwm yam.
3) Dyeing mechanism ntawm oxide zaj duab xis
a. Dyeing mechanism ntawm cov organic dyes: raws li qhov kev xav ntawm adsorption ntawm cov khoom, nws muab faib ua lub cev adsorption thiab tshuaj adsorption; Lub cev adsorption hais txog qhov adsorption ntawm molecules los yog ions nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm electrostatic quab yuam; chemical rog (covalent bonds, hydrogen bonds, chelation generated los ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv adsorption los ntawm kev sib cog lus, thiab lwm yam) yog hu ua chemisorption. Lub cev adsorption yuav tsum yog qhov kub thiab txias yog qhov yooj yim rau desorb; chemical adsorption yog nqa tawm ntawm qhov kub thiab txias. Nws yog feem ntau ntseeg hais tias ob hom adsorption yog nqa tawm nyob rau tib lub sij hawm nyob rau hauv dyeing, feem ntau yog tshuaj adsorption, yog li nws yog nqa tawm nyob rau hauv nruab nrab kub.
b. Inorganic dyeing dyeing mechanism: feem ntau yog ua nyob rau hauv chav tsev kub, lub workpiece yog thawj immersed nyob rau hauv ib tug inorganic ntsev tov nyob rau hauv ib tug tej yam kev txiav txim, thiab ces immersed nyob rau hauv lwm inorganic ntsev tov, thiaj li hais tias cov inorganic tshuaj muaj chemically reacted nyob rau hauv daim nyias nyias pores los tsim. Dej-insoluble xim sib txuas uas sau thiab kaw lub qhov hws ntawm oxide zaj duab xis (txoj kev sealing tuaj yeem raug tshem tawm hauv qee kis). Cov xim ntau yam ntawm inorganic dyes yog txwv, xim tsis ci txaus, tab sis qhov kub thiab lub teeb kuj zoo heev.
4) Fading ntawm unqualified dyed zaj duab xis
Tom qab dyeing thiab ua ntej kev sib khi, qhov tsis xws luag tuaj yeem raug tshem tawm nrog 27 feem pua nitric acid (feem ntau) lossis 5ml / l sulfuric acid ntawm 25 degrees.
12, Sealing ntawm aluminium alloy oxide zaj duab xis
1) Lub ntsiab lus ntawm aluminium alloy oxide zaj duab xis sealing
Cov txheej txheem kev kho lub cev lossis tshuaj lom neeg ntawm oxide zaj duab xis tom qab aluminium anodization los txo qhov porosity thiab adsorption peev txheej ntawm oxide zaj duab xis, thiaj li muab cov zas zas rau hauv micropores, thiab tib lub sijhawm txhim kho corrosion kuj thiab hnav tsis kam ntawm zaj duab xis. . Hauv kev tsim kho kev lag luam thoob plaws ntiaj teb, kev sib khi ntawm cov yeeb yaj kiab oxide yeej siv peb txoj hauv kev: kev kub siab ua kom sov, txias sealing thiab electrophoretic txheej, tab sis tam sim no, qhov nruab nrab kub sealing muaj qhov nyiam nthuav dav. Raws li txoj cai sealing, muaj peb pawg tseem ceeb: cov tshuaj tiv thaiv dej, inorganic filling lossis organic filling.
2) Thaum tshav kub kub sealing txheej txheem
a. Boiling dej sealing: Hauv dej ntshiab ze rau qhov kub ntawm qhov kub siab tshaj 95 degrees, dej deionized), amorphous alumina hloov mus rau hauv hydrated alumina los ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv hydration ntawm alumina. Lub ntim yog 30 feem pua loj dua, thiab qhov ntim nthuav dav ua rau lub micropore filling ntawm oxide zaj duab xis kaw.
b. High-temperature steam sealing: Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus yog tib yam li cov dej boiling sealing. Qhov zoo: ceev ceev, me me nyob ntawm cov dej zoo, tsis muaj tshauv dawb, thiab tsis tshua muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm fading. Cov khoom siv yuav tsum tau muab kaw kom ntseeg tau tias qhov kub thiab txias, qhov dav dav yog 115 ~ 12 0 degrees, qhov siab yog 0.7 ~ 1atm, thiab tus nqi siab!
3) Cov txheej txheem txias sealing
Cold sealing yog qhov feem ntau siv thiab feem ntau yooj yim sealing tshuab hauv kuv lub teb chaws. Kev khiav hauj lwm kub yog chav kub ntawm 20 ~ 25 feem pua, thiab lub sij hawm thiab kub sealing qhov yog luv luv los ntawm ib nrab. Nws tso siab rau cov khoom tso rau hauv lub micropore kom kaw lub qhov. Txoj kev loj hlob tshaj plaws Cov txheej txheem yog txheej txheem kev sib khi txias nrog npib tsib xee fluoride ua cov khoom tseem ceeb. Tom qab qhov txias sealing qhov ua tiav, nws yuav tsum tau kho nrog dej kub aging (60 ~ 80 degrees deionized dej kub, 10 ~ 15 feeb) los hloov cov khoom kom tsis txhob kub kub micro-cracking.
4) Nruab nrab kub sealing txheej txheem
Nyob rau hauv kev pom ntawm qhov tsis xws luag ntawm cov cua sov sealing thiab txias sealing txheej txheem, peb tau tsim inorganic ntsev nruab nrab kub sealing tshuab, feem ntau suav nrog chromate sealing, silicate sealing thiab acetate sealing.
a. Chromate sealing: tuaj yeem muab cov txiaj ntsig zoo los tiv thaiv corrosion, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau kev tuag-casting aluminium alloy thiab siab tooj liab aluminium alloy (PH6.32 ~ 6.64, txog 10min)
b. Silicate sealing: Vim tias cov tshauv dawb lossis cov xim tsis zoo feem ntau tshwm sim tom qab silicate sealing, cov txheej txheem no tsis siv tam sim no tshwj tsis yog xav tau tshwj xeeb.
c. Nickel acetate sealing: Lub sealing zoo kuj zoo, thiab nws tau siv ntau dua hauv North America. Hauv kuv lub tebchaws, tshwj tsis yog rau qhov me me ntawm cov organic dyeing, lwm qhov chaw yeej tsis siv.
13, electrophoretic txheej ntawm aluminium alloy oxide zaj duab xis
1) Lub ntsiab lus ntawm electrophoretic txheej
Ib txoj hauv kev uas cov xim pleev xim rau hauv cov tshuaj tsim ib txheej vim qhov kev ua ntawm electrophoresis nyob rau hauv qhov kev txiav txim ntawm ncaj qha tam sim no. Electrophoretic (ED) txheej ntawm txhuas feem ntau siv anodic electrophoresis. Electrophoresis yog cov txheej txheem uas muaj kuab paug tsawg thiab siv hluav taws xob tsawg. Nws muaj cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov zaj duab xis du, dej zoo thiab tshuaj tiv thaiv, yooj yim rau kev paub txog automation, thiab yog tsim rau txheej txheej ntawm workpieces nrog complex duab, npoo thiab cov ces kaum los yog qhov.
2) Cov txheej txheem ntawm electrophoretic txheej txheej
Electrophoretic txheej yog muab faib ua anodic electrophoresis thiab cathodic electrophoresis. Cov dej-soluble resin ntawm anodic electrophoresis txheej yog cov muaj txiaj ntsig zoo acid carboxylate, feem ntau yog ammonium carboxylate. Cov txheej txheej electrophoretic tuaj yeem ionized rau hauv cov khoom sib xyaw ua ke hauv cov kua qaub lossis alkaline thiab dispersed hauv dej. Nyob rau hauv qhov kev txiav txim ntawm ncaj qha tam sim no, tus nqi resin colloidal hais yuav ua raws li ib txheej ntawm resin pwm ntawm cov hlau nto. Lub ntsiab tivthaiv ntawm electrophoretic txheej ntawm aluminium alloy oxide zaj duab xis yog dej-soluble acrylic polymer compound, uas yog translucent latex. Cov txheej txheem electrophoretic yog txheej txheem electrochemical, uas feem ntau suav nrog plaub txheej txheem: electrophoresis, electrodeposition, electroosmosis thiab electrolysis.
3) Aluminium alloy electrophoresis txheej txheem
Cov txheej txheem electrophoresis tom qab txhuas oxidation yog: pub - degreasing - dej ntxuav - alkaline etching - dej ntxuav (2 zaug) - tshauv tshem tawm - dej ntxuav - anodizing - dej ntxuav (2 zaug) - electrolysis Coloring - ntxuav - dej ntshiab kub ntxuav - siab purity dej ntxuav - draining - electrophoretic txheej - RO1 circulating dej ntxuav - RO2 circulating dej ntxuav - draining - ci thiab kho - txias - lwm daim.
4) Cov yam ntxwv ntawm electrophoretic txheej
Cov txiaj ntsig zoo: qib siab ntawm kev siv tshuab ntawm txheej txheej, siab txheej ua ke tuab, uas tuaj yeem tswj cov tsis tseem ceeb thiab yooj yim tswj lub tank kua. Yooj yim los tswj thiab tswj cov txheej txheem txheej txheej, cov yeeb yaj kiab tuab tuab, kev nkag siab siab, sab hauv lub rooj tsavxwm yog xeb-pov thawj thiab yuav tsis ua rau muaj qhov tshwm sim tsis zoo xws li xau ntawm txheej thiab ntws cov cim.
Disadvantage: Kev nqis peev ib zaug ntawm cov khoom siv loj, thiab cov khoom coated yuav tsum yog cov khoom siv hluav taws xob los hloov cov xim thiab xim nyuaj.
